Pharma Tips-29

166. Epilepsy treatment as follows; 

• Generalized seizure→ carbamazepine, phenytoin, lamotrigine and valproic acid.
• Absence seizure→ ethosuximide, valproic acid.
• Partial seizure→ carbamazepine, valproate, lamotrigine, oxacarbazepine, topiramate and phenytoin.
• Myoclonic seizures→ the drug of choice is valproate, lamotrigine may also be used in juvenile myoclonic seizure; others may be used as 2nd line like clobazam, clonazepam and ethosuximide.
• Lennox-Gastaut syndrome→ valproate is 1st choice and lamotrigine or topiramate are 1st line alternatives, also clobazam, clonazepam and ethosuximide could be used.

167. Varicella zoster vaccine is given in two doses at 12-15 months and 4-6 years and for people older than 13 years two doses are given with 4-8 weeks apart.

168. Robaxacet is a skeletal muscle relaxant; used as in muscle spasm and can change the color of the urine into dark color; it may cause seizure, hypotension, blurred vision and GI upset.

169. Meningitis an infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain or spinal cord) usually caused by a bacterial infection like S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae; symptoms include headache and stiff neck; fever and nausea.

170. Cost-utility analysis (CUA) is a form of economic analysis used to guide procurement decisions. The most common and well-known application of this analysis is in pharmacoeconomics, especially health technology assessment (HTA), study gives good evidence is cohort study.