1506. Common Vitamins and the Condition That Results From Their Deficiency:
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) scurvy – bleeding gums, poor wound healing, bruising.
- Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) Pernicious anaemia – megaloblastic anaemia, neuropathy.
- Folic acid (Vitamin B9) Megaloblastic anaemia, especially in pregnancy, and neural tube defects in the fetus.
- Niacin (Vitamin B3, Nicotinic acid) Pellagra – dermatitis, diarrhoea, dementia.
- Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Beriberi (wet = cardiac, dry = neurologic), Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
- Vitamin D (Calciferol) Rickets (children – bone deformities), Osteomalacia (adults – bone pain, fractures).
1507. Nosocomial infections are treated with 3rd- or 4th-generation cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, Carbapenems, Vancomycin or linezolid – if MRSA is suspected. or Piperacillin–tazobactam.
1508. Vancomycin is used for treating pseudomembranous colitis associated with antibiotic use.
1509. Colitis can be caused by broad-spectrum penicillins, cephalosporins, and clindamycin.
1510. Primaquine + chloroquine are used to treat plasmodium vivax.
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