Pharma Tips

Pharma Tips-213

1086. MAOIs should be stopped 2-4 weeks prior to initiation of levodopa to avoid a hypertensive crisis.

1087. Astemizole and cisapride not to be used with fluvoxamine because may produce cardiac toxicity.

1088. Priapism has been reported with the use of trazodone and nefazodone.

1089. Lithium inhibits the uptake of noradrenaline (NA), Dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT).

1090. Antacids may increase the absorption of levodopa.

Pharma Tips-212

1081. Diphtheria vaccine is part of the DTP vaccine (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) and is given every 10 years.

1082. Captopril, gold, and penicillamine maybe cause proteinuria.

1083. MAOIs need 3-4 weeks for full effect; they cause insomnia not to be used in the evening or at night.

1084. A washout period of 5 weeks before starting MAOIs after stopping fluoxetine, and 14 days before starting MAOIs after stopping TCAs.

1085. Fluoxetine not to be used within 14 days after stopping MAOIs.

Pharma Tips-211

1076. Protamine causes black stool.

1077. Alosetron is 5-HT3 antagonist is used to treat severe diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

1078. Trifluridine (viroptic) eye drops should be kept in the refrigerator.

1079. Influenza vaccine is given annually.

1080. Pneumonia vaccine is given every 5-10 years.

Pharma Tips-210

1071. Tramadol may cause seizures and increased with the concurrent use of MAOIs.
1072. Isoniazid (INH) may cause severe hepatitis.

1073. Ethambutol causes visual impairment and aluminium salts decrease its absorption.

1074. Baclofen may cause seizures and CNS depression.

1075. Co-administration of cyclobenzaprine and tramadol may increase the risk of seizures.

Pharma Tips-209

1066. Phenothiazines cause photosensitivity.

1067. Ketorolac is not to be used for more than 5 days.

1068. Renal function should be monitored when using indomethacin.

1069. Mefenamic acid is not advised to be used for more than one week to prevent hemolytic anaemia.

1070. Severe constipation, sedation, nausea and respiratory depression are the main side effects of opioids.

1061. Galantamine is used for Alzheimer's disease and dementia of vascular origin.
1062. Topiramate causes weight loss, acute myopia and glaucoma that may require medical advice, fatigue, dizziness, cognitive slowing.

1063. Tobramycin is aminoglycoside antibiotic more active than gentamycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa due to better lung penetration and bactericidal activity, it causes ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity and it has a first-pass effect.

1064. Levofloxacin is an isomer of ofloxacin, it causes irreversible peripheral neuropathy and hepatotoxicity.

1065. Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg in divided doses (750 micrograms) each in 12 hours or as a single dose is used as plan B contraceptive treatment.

Pharma Tips-207

1056. Myopathy is the general term of muscle dysfunction.

1057. Myalgia is muscle pain without creatine kinase rise.

1058. Myositis is muscle pain with creatine kinase rise.

1059. Rhabdomyolysis is muscle pain with significant creatine kinase rise and renal dysfunction.

1060. In dyslipidemia, LDL accumulates producing plaques leading to atherosclerosis.