Pharma Tips-209

1066. Phenothiazines cause photosensitivity.

1067. Ketorolac is not to be used for more than 5 days.

1068. Renal function should be monitored when using indomethacin. 

1069. Mefenamic acid is not advised to be used for more than one week to prevent hemolytic anaemia.

1070. Severe constipation, sedation, nausea and respiratory depression are the main side effects of opioids.

Pharma Tips-208

1061. Galantamine is used for Alzheimer's disease and dementia of vascular origin. 
1062. Topiramate causes weight loss, acute myopia and glaucoma that may require medical advice, fatigue, dizziness, cognitive slowing.

1063. Tobramycin is aminoglycoside antibiotic more active than gentamycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa due to better lung penetration and bactericidal activity, it causes ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity and it has a first-pass effect.

1064. Levofloxacin is an isomer of ofloxacin, it causes irreversible peripheral neuropathy and hepatotoxicity.

1065. Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg in divided doses (750 micrograms) each in 12 hours or as a single dose is used as plan B contraceptive treatment.

Pharma Tips-207

1056. Myopathy is the general term of muscle dysfunction.

1057. Myalgia is muscle pain without creatine kinase rise.

1058. Myositis is muscle pain with creatine kinase rise.

1059. Rhabdomyolysis is muscle pain with significant creatine kinase rise and renal dysfunction.

1060. In dyslipidemia, LDL accumulates producing plaques leading to atherosclerosis.

Pharma Tips-206

1051. Cidofovir is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity to probenecid or sulfa-drugs.

1052. Tamsulosin is used for BPH and not used for hypertension.

1053. Colchicine therapy should be started in 1-2 days after a gout attack.

1054. Allopurinol inhibits the metabolism of theophylline increasing its side effects like abnormal heart rhythms and seizures.

1055. The upper limit of uric acid is 7 mg/dl.

Pharma Tips-205

1046. Atorvastatin can be taken regardless of food.

1047. Simvastatin is given with food to decrease GI irritation.

1048. Ipecacuanha dose: 

30mL for adults / 15mL for 12 years old /  10mL for 6-12 years old

 its effect within 15-20 minutes

1049. Cisplatin/aminoglycosides cause nephrotoxicity, vincristine causes neurotoxicity, doxorubicin causes cardiotoxicity.

1050. Penicillamine should be given in an empty stomach.

Pharma Tips-204

1041. Ipratropium nasal spray may cause nose bleeding, nasal dryness, dry mouth or throat and metallic taste.

1042. Baclofen lowers seizures threshold.

1043. Normal creatinine clearance is 2 ml/s/70kg.

1044. Pentamidine and voriconazole are nephrotoxic on IV formulations.

1045. Food increases the bioavailability of lovastatin. 

Pharma Tips-203

1036. Aminoglycosides nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are increased with vancomycin, amphotericin B, cisplatin, and cyclosporine.

1037. Fluoroquinolones, metronidazole, sulfonamides increase warfarin action by increasing INR.

1038. Triazole antifungals like fluconazole are hepatotoxic.

1039. Probenecid decreases renal clearance of antivirals drugs like acyclovir.

1040. Opioids, digoxin, antibiotics may cause nausea and vomiting.