Pregnancy Rates Per 100 Women With or Without Pregnancy Control

1. Combination pill---------------------- less than 1-2
2. Intra-uterine device (IUD)----------  less than 1-6
3. Progestin-only pill------------------------------ 1-5
4. Condom with spermicidal foamer gel--------- 1-6
5. condom---------------------------------------- 2-12
6. Diaphragm with spermicidal foamer gel----- 3-18
7. Spermicide------------------------------------ 3-21
8. Sponge with spermicide---------------------- 3-28
9. Cervical cap with spermicide----------------- 5-18
10. Periodic abstinence (rhythm) all types-----  2-20
11. No birth control------------------------------ 60-85 

Pharma Tips-185

946. There are 400,000 units of penicillin in 250 mg.

947. Treatment with alteplase should only be initiated within 3 hours after the onset of stroke symptoms.
948. Age, weight, and sex; medical conditions; the dose of the medicine; other medicines; and vitamins, herbals, and other dietary supplements can affect how medicines work.
949. Nausea and vomiting may occur with opioid therapy particularly in the initial stages but can be prevented by giving an antiemetic such as haloperidol or metoclopramide.
950. Physical dependence includes tolerance (requiring larger dosages or repeated use) and withdrawal symptoms (mental and physical) when it is stopped.

Pharma Tips-184

941.  Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin overdosage.

942. Hydrolysis of penicillin G is rapid in the GIT.

943. Mineral oil acts only by lubricating the intestinal tract. It has very mild or secondary properties of fecal softening.

944. A humectant such as glycerin helps to retain moisture and prevent drying due to evaporation.

945. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat soluble.

Pharma Tips-183

936. Trough concentrations are indicative of drug accumulation. To decrease only the trough level and maintain peak concentrations, lengthening the dosing interval is the method of choice.

937. Vitamin K is necessary for the formation of prothrombin.

938. Due to its high pH, sodium bicarbonate is incompatible with many common IV medications.

939. Cellulose acetate phthalate is used as enteric coating material.

940. The most widely used method for sterilization of pharmaceuticals is moist heat.

Pharma Tips-182

931. Buspirone lacks the anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant properties of BDZs with only increase in sedation.

932. Phenobarbital induces respiratory depression which increases with the use of ethanol.

933. Pergolide is a dopamine agonist may cause daytime sleepiness.

934. Eprosartan may cause severe hypotension in volume-depleted patients. 

935. Scopolamine should be avoided in angle closure glaucoma patients.

Pharma Tips-181

926. Weight loss is caused by levothyroxine, fluoxetine, TCAs, metformin, alpha-interferons, and trazodone. 

927. Pancreatitis is caused by valproic acid, hydrochlorothiazide, metronidazole, pentamidine, cimetidine, ranitidine, alcohol, azathioprine, sulfasalazine, corticosteroids, sulfa drugs, didanosine, 6-MP, zalcitabine, estrogens, tetracycline, thiazides, furosemide, glucocorticoids, mercaptopurine, and diabetes. 

928. Protein urea is caused by captopril, gold, carbamazepine, and penicillamine. 

929. Hyperuricemia is caused by alcohol, diuretics, vitamin B12, levodopa, ASA, niacin, ethambutol, cyclosporine, pyrazinamide, cytotoxic agents, and nitroglycerin. 

930. Folic acid deficiency is caused by phenytoin, carbamazepine, primidone, metformin, sulfasalazine, triamterene, methotrexate, alcohol, and oral contraceptives.

Pharma Tips-180

921. Triazolam is the shortest acting BDZs.

922. Didanosine causes gout.

923. Patient with BP + diabetes and has protein urea give enalapril (ACEI), not captopril, which causes protein urea.

924. Metallic taste is caused by metronidazole, ipratropium, metformin, disulfiram, gold, amiodarone, and penicillamine.

925. Ototoxicity is caused by ASA, NSAIDs, furosemide, vancomycin, erythromycin, ethacrynic acid, and aminoglycosides.