Pharma Tips-262

1331. Miacalin spray needs priming, and shaking gently.

1332. Levostin eye drops (levocabastine), shake well before using.

1333. Spiriva do not shake it.

1334. Antiarrhythmic classes:

1. Na channel blockers:

a. Prolong AP (action potential); eg. quinidine, and procainamide. 

b. Shorten AP; eg. lidocaine, and phenytoin. 

c. No effect on AP; eg. flecainide, and propafenone.

2. Beta-blockers (block beta one activation); eg. atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, and sotalol. 

3. Potassium/ multichannel blockers; prolong AP, and suppress atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, eg. amiodarone, dronedarone, dofetilide, and sotalol.

4. Calcium channel blockers; slow AV nodal conduction. eg. verapamil, and dilitiazem.

5. Miscellaneous; eg. adenosine, digoxin, and magnesium.

1335. Fosinopril can be used in renal failure without dose adjustment.

Pharma Tips-261

1326. Over-the-counter products and cold products may contain; acetaminophen, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, pyrilamine, diphenhydramine, triprolidine, codeine, dextromethorphan, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, ammonium chloride as expectorant, guaifensin, and sodium citrate. 

1327. Normal values for some elements in the body; 

Sodium 135-145 mEq/L

Potassium 3.5-5 mEq/L

Chloride 95-108 mEq/L

Magnesium 1.5-2.2 mEq/L

Calcium 8.5-10.5 mEq/L

Phosphate 2.5-4.5 mEq/L

1328. Pregnant women with candidiasis can use clotrimazole.

1329. Latanoprost causes iris pigmentation.

1330. Mesna is a uroprotectant used to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis caused by cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide.