Pharma Tips-239

1216. Indapamide is a thiazide diuretic.

1217. An iron-fortified formula should be given to infants not taking breast milk.

1218. Fluconazole does not cause renal failure.

1219. Sulfasalazine causes folic acid deficiency.

1220. Doxycycline space by 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals and dairy products, and avoid exposure to the sunlight.

Pharma Tips-238

1211. Aliskiren (renin inhibitor) is used o treat hypertension, high fat meal reduces its absorption, and irbesartan, ketoconazole and atorvastatin increase its serum concentration.

1212. Antidiabetic agents may increase the risk of respiratory infections.

1213. Premarin (estrogen) increases the risk of endometrial cancer, myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thrombosis.

1214. Cilostazol is used in intermittent claudication treatment.

1215. Metronidazole label may include; take with food, metallic taste, avoid alcohol, and discolor stool.

Pharma Tips-237

1206. Oxcarbazepine may cause hyponatremia.

1207. Probenecid (uricosuric agent) is not used in acute attacks, initiate therapy when the acute attack subsides.

1208. Atomoxetine (SNRI) is the first non-controlled drug for ADHD, it increases blood pressure and heart rate.

1209. Oseltamivir is not a substitute for the influenza vaccine.

1210. Amantadine has anticholinergic side effects and causes livedo reticularis.

Pharma Tips-236

1201.  Aspirin should be taken 30 minutes before taking niacin to prevent flushing.

1202. Antacids may reduce the absorption of gabapentin.

1203. Ketorolac should not be taken for more than 5 days, it may cause renal dysfunction.

1204. Liotrix (T3-T4) may increase insulin or oral hypoglycemics requirements.

1205. Fenofibrate may cause cholelithiasis, discontinue if gallstones are found.

Pharma Tips-235

1196. Metoclopramide (dopamine antagonist) given before meals, causes parkinson-like symptoms and reduces the absorption of drugs due to increase gastric motility.

1197. Antituberculosis drugs have risks of liver toxicity.

1198. Disopyramide has severe cholinergic properties.

1199. Sinemet causes a dark colour to saliva, urine, and sweat. 

1200. Metaxalone is a muscular analgesic, that causes liver and kidney toxicity.

Pharma Tips-234

1191. Galantamine (ACh esterase inhibitor) is taken with meals. 

1192. Ribavirin (nucleoside analog) used in hepatitis C, causes hemolytic anemia and is contraindicated in pregnancy.

1193. Propylthiouracil (PTU) is used to treat hyperthyroidism and causes agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia, the only antithyroid that can be used by pregnant women.

1194. Mirtazapine (antidepressant) causes agranulocytosis and weight gain.

1195. Quinidine causes diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and QT prolongation.

Pharma Tips-233

1186. Nadolol is a non-selective beta-blocker, it is contraindicated in asthmatic patients.

1187. Prometrium (progesterone) capsules contain peanut oil, it is contraindicated for patients with peanut allergy, Provera may be used as an alternative.

1188. Ethambutol (antituberculosis) causes optic neuritis.

1189. N-acetylcysteine (acetaminophen antidote) causes severe bronchospasm.

1190. Vancomycin causes nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and red neck syndrome.

Pharma Tips-232

1181. CF = with food, CC = with meals, S = without, TID = three times daily.

1182. QID = four times daily, QBID = one or two times daily, BTID = two or three times daily, TQID = three or four times daily, B = observed, CD = carry dose.

1183. M = Monday, TU = Tuesday. WED = Wednesday, TH = Thursday, FRI = Friday, SAT = Saturday, SUN = Sunday.

1184. BB = before breakfast, BS = before supper.

1185. Three ways to lose weight:

• Eat more fiber and lesser carbohydrates.
• Exercise.
• Sleep early and wake up early.

Pharma Tips-231

1176. CON = constipation, CR = crush, DY = daily, D = day, DI = diarrhea, DR = drink, GTT = drop.

1177. QD = every day, QPM = every evening, QAM = every morning, Q1H = every hour, Q2D = every second day, Q2H = every two hours, Q4-6H = every 4 to 6 hours, FE = fever.

1178. FL = fluid, F = for, G = give, HD = headache, H or HR = hour, AU = in each ear, OU = in each eye, AD = in the right ear, AS = in the left ear, OD = in the right eye, OS = in the left eye.

1179. IEN = in each nostril, INF = inflammation, I = inhale, INJ = inject, IR = insert, INS = instill, R = into the rectum, V = into the vagina, JU = juice, N = night, SS = one half, PA = pain, PL = place, PF = puffs, RA = rash, SW = shake well, SB = shortness of breath.

1180. SP = sparingly, SUPP = suppository, TBL = tablespoonful, TAB = tablet, T = take, TSP = teaspoonful, ADMX = to a maximum of, AA = to affected area, BID = twice daily, SL = under the tongue, UF = until finished, AQ = water, PRN = as required, PRNF = when necessary for, C = with.

Pharma Tips-230

1171. Mirtazapine effects 5-HT2 and alpha antagonist receptor may cause weight gain.

1172. Amoxapine is the active metabolite of loxapine.

1173. PC = after meals, AC = before meals. APL =  application, APP = apply.

1174. AR = arthritis, UD = as directed, HS = at bedtime, stat = at once, BP = blood pressure.

1175. BM = bowel movement, PO = by mouth, CAP = capsule, CI = circulation.