Pharma Tips-171

876. Plan B contraception; two separate doses of 0.75 mg levonorgestrel 12 hours, or 1.5 mg within 24 hours. Two separate doses of 100 mcg ethinylestradiol (EE), and levonorgestrel 0.5 mg 12 hours up to 5 days after sex, the side effect of plan B is breast tenderness.

877. In burns assess ABC; airway, breathing, and circulation.

878. Hydroxyzine inhibits the antipsychotic response to neuroleptics, cetirizine is the metabolite of hydroxyzine.

879. Doxepin is used in chronic urticaria.

880. Ketotifen is used in urticaria and mastocytosis.

Pharma Tips-170

871. Diazepam is metabolized to longer acting active metabolite called nordazepam.

872. Aluminum, magnesium, iron, and calcium decrease the absorption of tetracyclines, digoxin, and quinolone antibiotics.

873. The urea breath test is the most widely used test for H. pylori, clarithromycin + amoxicillin or metronidazole + PPI is used to treat peptic ulcer caused by H. pylori.

874. Tachyphylaxis is the loss of effectiveness over time (repeated use).

875. Tamsulosin causes retrograde ejaculation.

Pharma Tips-169

866. Anticholinergic risk drugs such as amitriptyline, atropine, benztropine, dicyclomine, diphenhydramine, oxybutynin, amantadine, baclofen, cetirizine, loratadine, tolterodine, prochlorperazine, Sinemet, entacapone, haloperidol, ranitidine, trazodone, and risperidone.

867. Achlorhydria (no acid secretion) leads to decrease the absorption of ketoconazole, thiamine, calcium, and iron, and increase the absorption of levodopa, erythromycin, and penicillin.

868. Sucralfate and cholestyramine, metal ions decrease the absorption of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and levothyroxine.

869. Enteral food (vitamin K) decreases warfarin effect, and high protein meals decrease the effect of levodopa.

870. Drugs that are metabolized to active metabolites include codeine, enalapril, atorvastatin, and clopidogrel.

Pharma Tips-168

861. Medications that can cause confusion and decreased level of consciousness are sedatives, and anticholinergics.

862. Drugs that might cause extrapyramidal symptoms are neuroleptics (antipsychotics), and metoclopramide.

863. Drugs that might cause hypotension, bradycardia and syncope are alpha & beta blockers, CCBs, and diuretics.

864. Drugs that might cause urinary retention are anticholinergics, neuroleptics, antidepressants, and antiemetics.

865. NSAIDs and diuretics may cause pre-renal failure.